Other Vitamins

Vitamin P

Overview

Rutin, also known as rutoside or Vitamin P, , sophorin and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, is a polyphenolic compound with a low molecular weight. It is a citrus flavonoid glycoside between the flavonol quercetin and the disaccharide rutinose (α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranose) and is widely distributed vegetables, fruits, and medicinal herbs, including citrus, asparagus, buckwheat, onions, hydrangea and forsythia. As one of the most effective natural antioxidants in the known natural class, rutin contains quercetin which can reduce inflammation.

Uses

Rutin has various pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, antiviral, cytoprotective, vasoactive, hypolipidaemic, antiplatelet, antispasmodic, and antihypertensive ^[1]. It can be used as an active ingredient in dietary supplements such as herbal medicines and multivitamin preparations.

• It may help relieve the symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and varicose veins to maintain a healthy cardiovascular system.
• It can ease the pain caused by arthritis and help improve the functioning of the knees due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Side Effects

Ingestion of rutin in the diet is generally considered safe. However, taking rutin supplements may cause side effects, such as headaches, blurred vision, muscle tension, and upset stomachs.

Dosage

Since rutin is not an essential nutrient, there is no recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for it. Dosage of rutin supplements may depend on factors such as the age, sex, and medical history of the user. Before using rutin supplements, a registered dietitian or a healthcare provider should be consulted to avoid side effects and toxicity.

Vitamins K

Vitamin K, also known as the clotting vitamin, is actually a group of compounds. It is able to help the body to coagulate blood and heal wounds as well as keep bones healthy. Among the K vitamins, vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 are the two main types. They are vital for the maintenance of bone health, cardiac health and blood clotting. K1 and K2 are fat-soluble vitamins that occur in nature, while K3 and K4 are water-soluble vitamins and artificially synthesized. Here we mainly introduce vitamin K1 and vitamin K2.

• Vitamin K1

• Vitamin K2

MK-4 is a short-chain, water-soluble menaquinone with four isoprene units in the side chain, mainly found primarily in high-fat, grass-fed and animal foods. It is usually produced by tissue or bacterial conversion of vitamin K1. MK-7 (7 isoprene units) and MK-9 (9 isoprene units) are long-chain menaquinones. They are mainly found in fermented foods.

Alfa Chemistry provides four forms of vitamin K2. The different specifications of vitamin K2 are as follows and you can choose the product according to your needs.

Vitamin K2(20), MK-4

Vitamin K2(35), MK-7